Porogaramu ya ASTM A193 B7 sitidiyo ya Bolts muburyo bwinganda

ASTM A193 B7 ni imbaraga-zikomeye zifatika zizwi cyane kubikorwa byazo bidasanzwe mubidukikije. Ibi byuma, bikozwe muri chromium-molybdenum alloy ibyuma, bivurwa nubushyuhe kugirango bigere kumiterere yubukanishi buhebuje, bigatuma biba ingenzi munganda aho kwizerwa mubihe bikabije aribyo byingenzi. Ihuza ryihariye ryimbaraga, kurwanya ruswa, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro bituma ubwiganze bwabo mubikorwa bikomeye mubice byinshi.

Ibigize Ibikoresho

Bolt ya ASTM A193 B7 ikozwe mubyuma biciriritse bya karubone birimo chromium (Cr) na molybdenum (Mo). Ibigize imiti mubisanzwe birimo karuboni 0.37–0.49%, chromium 0,75-1,20%, na molybdenum 0.15–0.25%. Nyuma yo kuzimya no gushyuha, ibi byuma bigera ku mbaraga zingana zingana na 125 ksi (860 MPa) n'imbaraga z'umusaruro wa ksi 105 (725 MPa). Ubu buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwongera ubukana bwabo (bugera kuri 35 HRC) mugihe gikomeza guhindagurika, bikarinda guhangana ningutu numunaniro.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi

1. Inganda za peteroli na gaze

Mu ruganda rutunganya amavuta, ibihingwa bya peteroli, hamwe na platifomu yo hanze, ASTM A193 B7 Boltni inkingi ya sisitemu yo kuvoma cyane. Bafite umutekano muri:

- Iteraniro rya Wellhead: Ihangane ningutu zihindagurika mugihe cyo gucukura no kuyikuramo.

- Guhuza imiyoboro: Irinde hydrogène sulfide (H2S) guhura na gaze ya gaz.

- Ibikoresho byo mu nyanja: Komeza ubunyangamugayo bwubatswe nubwo amazi yinyanja yangirika nubushyuhe bugera kuri -50 ° C.

Inyigo: Mu gucukura amazi maremare, Bolt ya B7 ikoreshwa mugiterane cyibiti bya Noheri, aho kunanirwa bishobora kuviramo impanuka zikomeye. Kurwanya kwinyanja kwabo birinda kurekura imitwaro irambye mumyaka mirongo.

2. Amashanyarazi

Amashanyarazi nubushyuhe bwa kirimbuzi yishingikiriza kuri B7 kugirango ihuze ubushyuhe bwo hejuru:

- Ibigize ibyuka: Ihangane ubushyuhe burenze 540 ° C muri superheater.

- Turbine casings: Komeza imbaraga zo gufatana nubwo gusiganwa ku magare yubushyuhe hagati yo gutangira no guhagarika.

- Guhindura ubushyuhe: Irinde okiside mu bidukikije bya CO2 birenze urugero.

Ikigaragara ni uko muri turbine ya gaz ya turbine, B7 bolts yishyura ubwiyongere butandukanye bwumuriro hagati yibyuma bidasa mumashanyarazi.

3. Gutunganya imiti

Imiti ikora kuri 400-600 ° C ikoresha B7 ya Bolt kuri:

- Gufunga imiyoboro yumuvuduko: Ihangane nibitangazamakuru byangirika nka acide sulfurike na chlorine.

- Catalitike yamashanyarazi: Komeza ubudahangarwa bwa kashe munsi yubushyuhe bwumuriro.

- Inkingi zo gusibanganya: Irinde kumeneka kw'ibinyabuzima bihindagurika (VOC).

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2022 bwerekanye ko B7 ihindagurika mu bimera bya acide ya nitricike yerekanaga ubuzima bwa 40% igihe kirekire ugereranije n’icyiciro cya 8.8 gisanzwe kubera imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa.

4. Ikirere n'Ingabo

Mugihe atari progaramu yambere, B7 bolts iboneka muri:

- Ikizamini cya moteri ya roketi ihagaze: Koresha gradients zikabije.

- Guhagarika ibinyabiziga bya gisirikare: Kurokoka imitwaro myinshi yibidukikije mubutayu.

Inyungu Zirenze Ibindi

- Ikirere cy'ubushyuhe: Ikora neza kuva kuri -50 ° C kugeza kuri 450 ° C, irusha ASTM A320 L7 kurwego rwo hasi.

- Kurwanya Kurwanya Kurwanya Kurwanya: Mo ibuza kubuza sulfide guhagarika umutima (SSC), ingenzi kugirango NACE MR0175 yubahirizwe.

- Ikiguzi-Cyiza: 30% bihendutse kuruta nikel-ishingiye kuri nikel nka Inconel 718 kubikorwa byingufu zingana.

Ibitekerezo byo kwishyiriraho

Gukoresha neza bisaba:

1. Guhitamo ibinyomoro: Bombi hamweASTM A194 2H nutsKurinda Urudodo.
2. Amavuta: Koresha anti-seize ibice birimo umuringa cyangwa nikel kugirango ugabanye ubukana mugihe cyo gukoresha torque.
3. Igenzura rya preload: Koresha ibipimo bya ultrasonic cyangwa hydraulic tension kugirango ugere kuri 70-80% yumusaruro wimbaraga preload.
4. Kugarura Porotokole: Biteganijwe nyuma yamasaha 24 yo gukora muri serivisi yubushyuhe bwa cycle.

Ingamba zo gukumira kunanirwa

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kunanirwa burimo:

- Hydrogen embrittlement: Yoroheje binyuze mu guteka kuri 190-220 ° C nyuma ya electroplating.

- Kwambura insanganyamatsiko: Byabujijwe gukomeza 65-70%.

- Creep relaxation: Yandikiwe binyuze muri Belleville yoza mumashanyarazi ahoraho.

Inganda

Amajyambere agezweho arimo:

- Smart Bolting: Kwishyira hamwe na sensor ya IoT yo kugenzura igihe nyacyo.

- CoatInnovations: Gukoresha impuzu ya Al / Cr ikwirakwiza ubushyuhe bugera kuri 650 ° C.

Umwanzuro

ASTM A193 B7 bolts ikomeza kuba zahabu ya progaramu ya bolting ikomeye aho gutsindwa atari amahitamo. Guhuza imbaraga kwabo, kuramba, no kurwanya ubushyuhe bikomeje gutuma abantu binjira mu nganda, inganda, n’inganda zikomeye. Mugihe ibidukikije bikora bikabije, ibintu bishya bikomeza biremezaB7Azakomeza umwanya wabo nkibice byingenzi muri sisitemu yakozwe kwisi yose. Guhitamo neza, kwishyiriraho, no kubungabunga ibikorwa bikomeza kuba ingenzi kugirango bakoreshe neza ubushobozi bwabo mugihe umutekano wibikorwa.